Why were compasses historically significant for sailors?

Compasses played a crucial role in maritime navigation by allowing sailors to determine their direction in the open ocean. Before the invention of the compass, navigating over long distances was highly challenging and relied heavily on visible landmarks, celestial navigation, and rudimentary maps. In oceanic navigation, where landmarks are absent, the compass became essential because it offered a reliable means of maintaining a steady course. By pointing to magnetic north, sailors could efficiently chart their journeys, ensuring they would reach their intended destinations even in vast and featureless waters.

This directional capability was paramount for explorers and traders, especially during the age of maritime expansion. It allowed for longer voyages, greater exploration, and more effective trade routes, significantly altering maritime practices and global interactions. Understanding this importance highlights how the compass not only improved navigation but also contributed to the broader developments in exploration and commerce during that era.